What does polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia mean?
Polyclonal gammopathy, also known as hypergammaglobulinemia, is a condition in which white blood cells make too many proteins (antibodies). Healthcare providers treat the underlying cause of the immune response to help treat polyclonal gammopathy.
Is polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia serious?
Dangers to people with hypergammaglobulinemia High levels of gamma globulins in the blood are dangerous because these can lead to an increased likelihood of contracting viruses and infections. Hypergammaglobulinemia leads to increased vulnerability to: anemia. respiratory infections.
What are polyclonal Gammopathies?
Polyclonal gammopathy is a hypergammaglobulinemia, which results from an increased production of several different immunoglobulins. Infectious, inflammatory or various reactive processes may be associated with a broad-based peak or band in the gamma region in serum protein electrophoresis.
What causes polyclonal background?
Polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia (PHGG) has historically been associated with a variety of conditions including liver disease,1 infections such as that by human immunodeficiency virus,2 hematologic disorders such as idiopathic neutropenia,3 nonhematologic malignancies, and autoimmune conditions such as Sjögren …
How do you detect hypergammaglobulinemia?
Levels of serum immunoglobulin In these patients, nucleic acid detection methods (ie, PCR or reverse PCR) may be the best diagnostic tests for certain viral infections. Perform serum protein electrophoresis for presumptive diagnosis of hypogammaglobulinemia or monoclonal protein.
What can cause Hyperglobulinemia?
Among the conditions regularly associated with hyperglobulinemia are multiple myeloma, sarcoidosis, collagen disease, cirrhosis of the liver, kala-azar, lymphogranuloma venereum and certain other infections.
What are the symptoms of hypogammaglobulinemia?
Hypogammaglobulinemia is a problem with the immune system that prevents it from making enough antibodies called immunoglobulins….Which symptoms you or your child has will depend on what infections you get, but they can include:
- coughing.
- sore throat.
- fever.
- ear pain.
- congestion.
- sinus pain.
- diarrhea.
- nausea and vomiting.
Is multiple myeloma polyclonal or monoclonal?
Normal immunoglobulins are called “polyclonal protein.” Myeloma cells, which are cancerous plasma cells, secrete monoclonal protein.
What does Hypogammaglobulinemia mean?
Hypogammaglobulinemia refers to a laboratory finding (low immunoglobulin G, or IgG) that may be asymptomatic if mild or may be associated with a number of clinical entities with varied causes and manifestations if more extreme.
What is mild hypergammaglobulinemia?
What does Hyperglobulinemia mean?
Medical Definition of hyperglobulinemia : the presence of excess globulins in the blood.
What is the treatment for polyclonal gammopathy?
In general, treatment is directed at the underlying disease, but there are reports of polyclonal gammopathy leading to symptomatic hyperviscosity. In these cases, plasmapheresis and/or corticosteroids seem to be effective.
What is mild Hypergammaglobulinemia?
What causes hypogammaglobulinemia?
The most common cause is common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). Causes of secondary hypogammaglobulinemia include gastrointestinal losses (e.g., malabsorption/protein-losing enteropathy), nephrotic syndrome, hematologic malignancy, and medication (e.g., immunosuppressives, such as corticosteroids and chemotherapy).
What is polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia?
Polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia is frequently seen in disorders characterized by immune deficits. One example is the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). In AIDS, there is a decreased CD4/CD8 T cell ratio, yet the level of polyclonal Ig is paradoxically increased.
Is hypergammaglobulinemia a genetic disease?
There are some forms of hypergammaglobulinemia that are familial diseases — a genetic condition that tends to arise more often in family members than would be expected by chance. If you’re suffering from hypergammaglobulinemia, some common symptoms could include:
What is the most common antibody in hypergammaglobulinemia?
The most common antibody is Immunoglobulin G (IgG). People with hypergammaglobulinemia most often have increased levels of IgG. Monoclonal and polyclonal gammopathies Most cases of hypergammaglobulinemia are polyclonal gammopathies.
Should I be worried about hypergammaglobulinemia?
If you’re concerned that you might have hypergammaglobulinemia, talk with your doctor about getting your blood tested. High levels of gamma globulins in the blood are dangerous because these can lead to an increased likelihood of contracting viruses and infections. Hypergammaglobulinemia leads to increased vulnerability to: