What are the symptoms of a cavernous sinus meningioma?
Patients harboring cavernous sinus tu- mors most frequently present with ocular motor deficits— ptosis, diplopia, anisocoria, or complete ophthalmoplegia. Trigeminal nerve dysfunction can be present with facial numbness or facial pain.
What is a cavernous sinus meningioma?
Cavernous sinus meningiomas (CSMs) are challenging lesions for the skull base neurosurgeon to manage given their close association with cranial nerves II–VI and the internal carotid artery.
Is cavernous sinus meningioma cancerous?
Background: Cavernous sinus meningioma (CSM) causes gradual ophthalmoplegia and may eventually cause compression of the chiasma. The tumor is often histologically benign, slow growing, and seldom life threatening.
How common are cavernous sinus meningiomas?
Cavernous sinus meningiomas (CSMs) occur in 0.5 per 100,000 persons in the general population. The vast majority of meningiomas are benign, well differentiated, and with low proliferative potential. The most common clinical features of meningiomas are neurological deficits (e.g. amblyopia), epilepsy, and headache.
Where is the cavernous sinus?
sphenoid bone
The cavernous sinuses are located within the middle cranial fossa, on either side of the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone (which contains the pituitary gland). They are enclosed by the endosteal and meningeal layers of the dura mater.
What nerves go through cavernous sinus?
The nerves of the cavernous sinus are the oculomotor nerve (CN III), trochlear nerve (CN IV), ophthalmic nerve (V1), maxillary nerve (V2), abducens nerve (CN VI), and the sympathetic plexus around the internal carotid artery.
Why is the cavernous sinus of clinical importance?
Clinical significance It is the only anatomic location in the body in which an artery travels completely through a venous structure. If the internal carotid artery ruptures within the cavernous sinus, an arteriovenous fistula is created (more specifically, a carotid-cavernous fistula).
What might be one of the earliest symptoms of cavernous sinus thrombosis?
Symptoms of cavernous sinus thrombosis include:
- a sharp and severe headache, particularly around the eye.
- swelling and bulging of the eye(s) and the surrounding tissues.
- eye pain that’s often severe.
- double vision.
- a high temperature.
What are the advances in the treatment of cavernous sinus meningioma (CSM)?
With the introduction of the operating microscope and advances in neuroimaging, resection of Cavernous sinus meningioma s became a realistic goal. The advances in Micro neurosurgical procedures in the 1980s and early 1990s allowed attempts at aggressive resection of these tumors.
What is the sixth cranial nerve?
The sixth cranial nerve runs a long course from the brainstem to the lateral rectus muscle. Based on the location of an abnormality, other neurologic structures may be involved with the pathology related to this nerve.
What is the prevalence of cavernous sinus meningioma?
Cavernous sinus meningioma s (CSMs) occur in 0.5 per 100,000 persons in the general population. There are an increasing number of asymptomatic patients with CSMs because CT scans or MR is commonly used for evaluation of other medical conditions, as cranial trauma and allows the diagnosis in the preclinical phase. 4).
What nerves are involved in cavernous sinus syndrome?
The course of the sixth nerve through the cavernous sinus associates it with third, fourth and fifth (ophthalmic and maxillary divisions) cranial nerves as well as the internal carotid artery and the carotid sympathetic plexus. The cavernous sinus syndrome may consist of deficits of two or more of these structures.