What does the Antennapedia gene cause?
Antennapedia (abbreviated Antp) is a Hox gene first discovered in Drosophila which controls the formation of legs during development. Loss-of-function mutations in the regulatory region of this gene result in the development of the second leg pair into ectopic antennae.
What is the Antennapedia complex?
The Antennapedia complex (ANT-C) is one of two Hox gene complexes. Hox genes encode homeodomain transcription factors. ANT-C controls the identity of segments that contribute to the head and the anterior thorax. ANT-C homeotic genes show colinearity in their expression patterns with the exception of pb.
Is Antennapedia dominant or recessive?
Most of the early mutations were dominant – ie only one copy of the mutant gene is required to affect a transformation (e.g. Antennapedia: antenna-to-leg). Later, recessive mutations Antennapedia were discovered, which cause the reverse transformation (leg-to-antenna).
What is the significance of the Ubx gene in fruit flies?
In Drosophila melanogaster it is expressed in the third thoracic (T3) and first abdominal (A1) segments and represses wing formation. The Ubx gene regulates the decisions regarding the number of wings and legs the adult flies will have.
What is the observed phenotype when the Ultrabithorax gene is deleted in Drosophila?
What is the observed phenotype when the ultrabithorax gene is deleted in Drosophila? Choose Your Answer: AThe third thoracic segment is transformed into another second thoracic segment resulting in a fly with four wings.
Who discovered Antennapedia?
Gehring continued research with Drosophila at the University of Basel and focused on isolating the Antennapedia gene from Drosophila during the 1970s.
How many Hox genes are in Drosophila melanogaster?
eight Hox genes
Drosophila, like all insects, has eight Hox genes. These are clustered into two complexes, both of which are located on chromosome 3.
Is Ultrabithorax a Hox gene?
The Hox gene Ultrabithorax governs the difference between wing and haltere development, but how Ultrabithorax function in the appendages prevents or allows flat or globular shapes is unknown.
What is homeodomain containing transcription factor?
Members of this transcription factor family are characterized by the presence of a homeodomain, which is a 60 amino acid helix-turn-helix DNA-binding domain.
What happens when Ultrabithorax gene deleted in Drosophila?
What is the difference between homeobox and homeodomain?
The origin of homeobox genes is truly ancient, pre-dating the origin of animals. The 180-base-pair homeobox codes for a 60-residue chain known as the homeobox domain (or homeodomain). In plain English: the region of the gene is known as a homeobox and the region of the resulting protein is the homeodomain.
What does the homeodomain do?
The homeodomain is a highly conserved 60‐amino‐acid protein domain that is encoded by the homeobox and is found in organisms as diverse as mammals, insects, plants and yeast. Homeodomains function as DNA binding domains and are found in many transcription factors that control development and cell fate decisions.
What is the function of homeodomain?
What is the structure of the Drosophila Antennapedia-Bithorax complex?
The Drosophila antennapedia-bithorax complex consists of 8 homeobox-containing genes located in 2 clusters on one chromosome. Mice and humans possess at least 39 homologous homeobox genes (called Hox genes in vertebrates [ HOX in humans]), which are found in 4 clusters on 4 different chromosomes ( Figure 4 ).
How similar are homeobox clusters to Drosophila Antennapedia?
These clusters are very similar to the Drosophila antennapedia and Bithorax homeobox clusters in their gene organization and pattern of expression ( Gaunt et al., 1988; Duboule and Dolle, 1989; Graham et al., 1989 ).
What is the Antp homeotic gene of Drosophila melanogaster?
The Antennapedia (Antp) homeotic gene of Drosophila melanogaster controls cell fates and pattern formation in the epidermis, nervous system and mesoderm of thoracic segments. Its expression is controlled at the levels of transcription, alternative RNA splicing, polyadenylation and translation. Two n …
What is Antennapedia?
Antennapedia (abbreviated Antp) is a Hox gene first discovered in Drosophila which controls the formation of legs during development. Loss-of-function mutations in the regulatory region of this gene result in the development of the second leg pair into ectopic antennae .